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Research/Research and development spending · Italy

Research and development spending in Italy: 1.41% of GDP in 2024

Reference period: 2024 · Published: 29 Sept 2026

  • Hash recorded

1.41% of GDP

+0.04 points on 2023.

Research and development spending · % of GDP

Values as published by the source, at current prices.

The vertical axis does not start at zero.

Data table
Research and development spending · % of GDP
StatusCrisesGovernments
20241.41finalMeloni government
20231.37finalMeloni government
20221.37finalEnergy crisisDraghi government, Meloni government
20211.41finalCOVID-19 pandemicConte II government, Draghi government
20201.50finalCOVID-19 pandemicConte II government
20191.46finalConte I government, Conte II government
20181.42finalGentiloni government, Conte I government
20171.36finalGentiloni government
20161.36finalRenzi government, Gentiloni government
20151.33finalRenzi government
20141.33finalLetta government, Renzi government
20131.29finalMonti government, Letta government
20121.26finalSovereign debt crisisMonti government
20111.20finalSovereign debt crisisBerlusconi IV government, Monti government
20101.21finalBerlusconi IV government
20091.21finalFinancial crisisBerlusconi IV government
20081.16finalFinancial crisisProdi II government, Berlusconi IV government
20071.12finalProdi II government
20061.08finalBerlusconi III government, Prodi II government
20051.04finalBerlusconi II government, Berlusconi III government
20041.05finalBerlusconi II government
20031.06finalBerlusconi II government
20021.08finalBerlusconi II government
20011.04finalAmato II government, Berlusconi II government
20001.00finalD'Alema II government, Amato II government
19990.98finalD'Alema II government
19981.00final
19970.99final
19960.94final
19950.93final

EU comparison · Nominal (% of GDP)

Same lens as the main chart: changing it here changes it above too. Context layers are those of the main country. Each country is read in the release published on the same date.

Data table
EU comparison · Nominal (% of GDP)
20241.413.122.181.502.26
20231.373.102.171.492.25
20221.373.032.221.402.22
20211.413.052.211.402.24
20201.503.062.271.402.28
20191.463.092.201.242.21
20181.423.032.201.232.17
20171.362.982.201.202.14
20161.362.882.221.182.10
20151.332.872.221.212.10
20141.332.822.221.232.09
20131.292.782.231.272.08
20121.262.822.231.292.06
20111.202.752.191.332.00
20101.212.682.181.351.96
20091.212.692.211.361.96
20081.162.572.061.321.87
20071.122.422.031.241.79
20061.082.432.051.181.80
20051.042.402.061.101.78
20041.052.402.101.041.79
20031.062.442.131.021.82
20021.082.412.190.961.83
20011.042.382.150.891.82
20001.002.392.100.881.81
19990.982.332.120.841.78
19981.002.212.100.851.73
19970.992.182.150.781.72
19960.942.142.230.791.72
19950.932.132.250.771.73
1994–2.122.28––
1993–2.202.33––
1992–2.262.30––
1991–2.382.30––
1990–2.612.30––
1989–2.712.21––
1988–2.732.17––
1987–2.732.18––
1986–2.632.14––
1985–2.592.15––
1984–2.432.10––
1983–2.412.01––
1982–2.421.97––
1981–2.351.89––

What it measures

Research and development spending by business, government, universities and non-profits, as a percentage of GDP. Version published by Eurostat on 29 September 2026.

Methodology

Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) of all sectors (business, government, higher education, private non-profit), as a percentage of GDP, following the OECD Frascati Manual.

Source

Eurostat · Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector

rd_e_gerdtot

Downloaded on 28 Oct 2026 · CC BY 4.0

Release SHA-256 hash

503ec3c302e3140d23566e1f5254f267c5d0aa3510bfa92a69749c2c67d307f6

Context layers and attribution rules

Release history

Every release stays published as it was. Differences are computed against the release published before it.

  1. 29 Sept 2026202416 values revised · 7 new periods
  2. 19 Mar 20192017First release on record
Values revised since the release of 19 Mar 2019
Reference periodBeforeAfterDifference
19950.940.93−0.01 pts
19960.950.94−0.01 pts
19981.011.00−0.01 pts
20001.011.00−0.01 pts
20051.051.04−0.01 pts
20061.091.08−0.01 pts
20071.131.12−0.01 pts
20091.221.21−0.01 pts
20101.221.21−0.01 pts
20111.211.20−0.01 pts
20121.271.26−0.01 pts
20131.311.29−0.02 pts
20141.341.33−0.01 pts
20151.341.33−0.01 pts
20161.371.36−0.01 pts
20171.351.36+0.01 pts